Gunung berapi yang aktif mungkin berubah menjadi separuh aktif, istirahat, sebelum akhirnya menjadi tidak aktif atau mati. Gunung berapi terdapat dalam beberapa bentuk sepanjang masa hidupnya. Busur Cincin Api Pasifik merupakan garis bergeseknya antara dua lempengan tektonik. Gunung berapi terdapat di seluruh dunia, tetapi lokasi gunung berapi yang paling dikenali adalah gunung berapi yang berada di sepanjang busur Cincin Api Pasifik (Pacific Ring of Fire). Gunung api es biasa terjadi di daerah yang mempunyai musim dingin bersalju, sedangkan gunung api lumpur dapat kita lihat di daerah Kuwu, Grobogan, Jawa Tengah yang populer sebagai Bledug Kuwu. Lebih lanjut, istilah gunung api ini juga dipakai untuk menamai fenomena pembentukan ice volcanoes atau gunung api es dan mud volcanoes atau gunung api lumpur.
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GUNUNG MERAPI MELETUS 2010 SERIES
Indonesia, an archipelago of 270 million people, is prone to earthquakes and volcanic activity because it sits along the Pacific “Ring of Fire,” a horseshoe-shaped series of seismic fault lines around the ocean.Gunung berapi atau gunung api secara umum adalah istilah yang dapat didefinisikan sebagai suatu sistem saluran fluida panas (batuan dalam wujud cair atau lava) yang memanjang dari kedalaman sekitar 10 km di bawah permukaan bumi sampai ke permukaan bumi, termasuk endapan hasil akumulasi material yang dikeluarkan pada saat meletus. The Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation Center did not raise Merapi’s alert status, which already was at the second highest of four levels since it began erupting last November. This latest eruption sent hot ash 1,000m (3,280 feet) into the sky, and the searing clouds of gas travelled up to 3km (1.8 miles) down its slopes several times, the country’s geology agency said on its website. The city is also a centre of Javanese culture and a seat of royal dynasties going back centuries. The 2,968m (9,737 feet) peak is near Yogyakarta, an ancient city of several hundred thousand people embedded in a large metro area.
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Merapi’s last major eruption in 2010 killed about 350 people. Mount Merapi is the most active of more than 120 active volcanoes in Indonesia and has repeatedly erupted with lava and gas clouds recently. Villagers living on Merapi’s fertile slopes were advised to stay 5km (3.1 miles) away from the crater’s mouth and should be aware of the danger posed by lava, Indonesia’s Geology and Volcanology Research Agency said. Merapi’s last major eruption in 2010 killed about 350 people The mountain has seen increased volcanic activity in recent weeks, with its lava dome growing rapidly before partially collapsing on Sunday, sending rocks and ash flowing down the volcano’s southwest flank, Humaida added.Īsh from the eruption blanketed several villages and nearby towns, she said. The rumbling sound could be heard several kilometres away. Mount Merapi unleashed clouds of hot ash at least seven times on Sunday, as well as a series of fast-moving pyroclastic flows – a mixture of rock, debris, lava and gasses – said Hanik Humaida, who heads the city of Yogyakarta’s Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation Center. Indonesia’s most volatile volcano has erupted on the densely populated island of Java, spewing smoke and ash high into the air and sending streams of lava and gasses down its slopes.